Hollow reinforced body.



fs. APOSTOLOFF. nouow dsmroncso aouv,

APPLICATION HLEQ, DEC.2I\ l9l 6- Patented July 24, 1917.

1,234,254. Patented July 24,1917.

3 SHEETS-4"! 2- 2-1, 1917. a sums-sun a.

Patented J uly s. APOsIoLOFF.

"DU-0W REINFORCED BODY- mq I 11% 6300" 2 BEST AVAILABLE COPY n sman;stresses,Awesome onn-nALr-ao wAL ron To all :whom it may concern: r Be it known that 1, Sauce Aros'romrr, a citizen of Great Britain, and a resident of London, England; temporarily residing in 6 the boron h of Manhattan, city, county, and State of" ew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hollow Reinforced Bodies, ofwhich the followingis a ifieation accompanied by drawings. 10 This invention relates to new -and improved articles of manufacture in the form of hollow reinforced bodies or structures of cast metal, such as pets, vats, pipes, shell cases, guns, and the like. Y 16 The object of my invention is to produce hollow bodies, for nstance of cast metal, so reinforced that'they can be used for purposes to whieh ordma cast metal bodiescannot be applied, t ey would not have 20 suilicient strength.

In accordance with my invention, the metal to be reinforced is cast around. a metallic member, so that said member is embedded on all sides in the cast metal and incorporated with said metal. In reinforcing hollow metal structures, I prefer to use as the reinforcing member a metallic spiral and the metal for the walls of the hollow structure is cast around said spiral, so that 80 the convolutions of the spiral are embedded in the walls of the body. This skeleton is of wire in the form of a spiral of approximately the same shape as the hollow structure to be produced, and in earrying out the as method the s irel member is supported in a suitable mol and the metal'is-east around the iral in the mold, thus embedding the spire n the walls of the hollow structure.

The-mode of procedure-and the examples 40 of structures produced areillustrated -m the accompanying drawin m which- Fi ure 1 is 'a vertical longitudinal sectiona view of a shell ease constructed in accordance with my invention 4a Fig.2 is an elevation partly in longitudinal .eectignpndpartly in perspective, with portions of the cast metal walls cut away to show. the formation of the spirals;

Fi 8. is a side elevation of one ,of the t0 spira reinforcing membere' Fig. 4 is a top plan viewpf a plate'steel disk which supports the reinforcing memfig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional View rsaeusoa', my oa'anw Yoax, not. I Isn't-easements senil I itera :mere-ea Pirate-sea July 24,1917. I "marmosets hatma. ma Ro.' 138,231.

taken thr'ou gh the bore of a large caliber-- gun, and v Fig. 6 is. similar view taken through the bore of i! gun of smaller caliber.

Referring to the drawings Figs. 1 in inclusive show the invention applied to ilw manufacture of a shell ease, and 'l igs. 5 and 6 show the invention applied to tho mnnufucture of guns, the method of munufiicturu being substantially the same in both cases, andthese drawings are to be taken as illustrative only, since 'theinvention may lit. up died to a wide number of uses, shell cases an guns being only illustrative of two important products or structures.

One or more metallic spiral members may be used as the-reinl'oreing, member of the structure and if a plurality of spirals are used, they may be wound or combined into one reinforein' member in a variety of ways, as desired, for I unrnot to be understood as limiting the invention to a singlespirul reinforcing member or any particular combination or arrangement of said members.

In Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, I have chosen to show, by way of illustration, the reiniii) forcing member showirin detail in Fig. 8,

which is composed of'rfour s )irals A, B, U and I), mounted on adisk la preferably of steel, and these four spirals are wound in layers, usjmlicuted, thus forming u cylindrical upirul structure, of the same shape as the shell casin but of' smaller diameter than the outsi e finished diameter of the casinfz. This spiral reinforcing mambo.- is suite )ly sup )orterl bvany means well known to those ski led in he urt of ousting metal within a. suitable mold, and the cast metal to form thewulls l" of the shell casing is poured around the reinforcing-member. so that the spiruls-ofhnid member are embedded on all sides inthe metal of the walls and become incorporated withsaid metal. Thereinforeing member isthus embedded substuntiully centrally in the \vullsF of the hollow body,- and' eil'eetually reinforces the eust metal. I

In some instances, as in vthe case of a .vat or tank, the base of the structure ma be cast around the base of the spiral ske eton frame, but in other instances, as with the shell case illustrated in Fi 1 to 4 inclueive, it is preferable to bui d up the spiral BEST AVAlLABLE COPY reinforcing member on the plate E, so that the metal of the shell case is cast upon said plate. The spiral or s irals for the reinforcing member are re erably secured to the plate E as by wel ing. a

In all cases the wires constitutin the skeleton reinforcinga member shoul I ;be formed of a metal ving a melting point substantially melting point'of the metal to be cast. In manufacturing a shell case in accordance with my invention, it is possible to arrange a co per'drivin band or hands in position in t e mold, an then cast the body of the loased without detrimentally affecting said The reinforcing member is formed of steel, preferably steel wire, and the cast metal may be of a difl'ereut character, as, for instance, cast iron. When I refer to a reinforcin member formed of steel wire, I mean ordinary drawn steel wire, as distinguished from rolled metal, because drawn metal has ter' strength -for my purposes than rolle metal.

In order to absorb the oxygen or other vapors which would tend to cause bubbles or blow holes, a mixture of silicate of soda and plumbago may first be applied to the convoutions of the reinforcing member before the cast metal is pouredjnto the mold. Any. other suitable preparation having the same function may also be used. When the hollow structure is to be of cast lead, the wires constituting the skeleton reinfortm frame,

should preferably be-tinnedbe ore the v lead is cast, in order that the lead mayfadhere to the reinforcing member. The hollow bodies or structures obtained in accordance with this invention, have all the advantages, without the disadvan of plain unreinforced cast structures. or instance,

-a vessel of cast lead must have comparatively thick walls or be made of an alloy of lead, in order to give itthe requisite strength or rigidity, or such a vessel may be manufactured in accordance with my invention from pig lead alone with comparatively thin walls, and! retain the requisite strength with t saving in wei tof metal.

Ing. 5 the manu acture of a .large caliber gun is illustrated, having, in this instance, four outside diameters graduated as ,usual in such structures. At the b portion G the iral remfo members H are shown ree laxrs, w at the intermediate portion J reinforcing members K are the same orehigher than the issues shown in two la era. The remainin portions L and O o the gun have rein orcing members in single layers, and it will be observed that thesize of the wire forming the reinforcing members may be varied and graduated as found to be most efiicient m t e particular structure to be roduc'ed.

In Fig. 6 a smaller gun is own built on substantially the same principles as the gun shown in Fig. 5.

It is to be understood that substantially the same methods of manufacture appl both to the guns and shell, or to an ho low bodies made in accordance with t invention. The shell may be manufactured with one or more reinforcing coils, as shown in Fig. 5 for the illustration of the gun. These coi may be placed side by side in layers before casting, or a shell or gun may be cast with one reinforcing member, then another la er cast over the first layer with the secon reinforcing member, and so on. In either case, the result is illustrated in Fig. 5, showing several layers of coils, however cast. The individual convolutions of the coils may also be arranged in staggered relation, as shown in Fig. 5, or in any other suitable manner and the coils ma be wound, as desired, wholly in the same irection or in any other suitable way.

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patent the following:

1. As a new and improved article of manufacture a hollow cast metal bod having a metallic spiral reinforcing mem er of drawn steel wire embedded on all sides in its walls. w

2. As a new and improved article of manufacture, a hollow bod of cast metal having a concentric metal ic iral reinforcin member of drawn stee wire embedde on all sides in its walls and incorporated with the metal of said walls.

8. As a new and improved article of manufacture, a hollow cast metal bod havmg rmetalhc spiral reinforcing mem r of drawn steel wire embedded on all sides in its walls, and a base plate secured to the reinforcing member at one end and incorporated with the walls of the hollow struc Ill-'6.

In testimony whereof I have signed this speci cation in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SERGE APOSTOLOFF. 

